Suicide is one of the most significant public health concerns facing the United States. In recent years, it has been the second leading cause of death among youth and young adults ages 10-34 and the tenth leading cause of death overall. Substance use professionals may be interested in addressing suicide issues in their communities, as suicide and substance use share many risk factors, and substance use can further increase the risk of suicide. This literature review product, developed by the Central East PTTC, identifies and summarizes research on how and to what extent substance use increases the risk of suicide. It also provides information on evidence-based prevention strategies that address both the risk of substance use and the risk of suicide.